Ranar Tarin Fuka ta Duniya: Yadda injinan GeneXpert suke sauya yaƙi da cutar TB a Togo da Congo

Shekaru biyu da suka wuce a farkon shigowar 2024, wani mai shekaru 67 mai suna Yao ya yi fama da wata kwantacciyar cuta. A garin Agou, kusan kilomita 100 a arewa maso yammacin Lomé, babban birnin Togo, manomin ya ga yadda jikinsa ke ƙanjamewa saboda cutar.

Ciwon ƙirji ya kama shi. Yakan yi fama da yawan gumi da dare. Ga tari da ba ya tafiya. Rashin lafiyar ya yi ƙamari kuma yana jigata shi.

“Na saddaƙar cutar za ta kashe ni,” in ji Yao.

Abu na gaba shi ne gwajin cuta da Yao bai yi tsammani ba. Gwaje-gwaje sun tabbatar yana da tarin fuka.

Ya ce, “Na ji mamaki kuma na ji takaici da na gane ina da cutar. Na sha wahala sosai. Burina kawai na samu waraka ko ta wace hanya.”

A Togo, cutar tarin fuka ta ci gaba da zama ƙalubale ga lafiyar al’umma. A 2023, 30 cikin duk mutum 100,000 ya kamu da cutar, cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya a rahotonta kan tarin TB a duniya na 2024.

A matsayin martani, ƙasar ta haɓaka yaƙinta, inda ta ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye masu manufa don gano cuta da wuri, faɗaɗa tanatncewa, da tabbatar da marasa lafiya sun samu magani kan kari kuma mai tasiri.

“Wanda ya kamu da cutar TB zai iya yaɗa cutar zuwa mutane 10 zuwa 15 a shekara guda kacal ta hanyar mu’amala ta kurkusa,” cewar Dr. Jean Louis Abena, jami’in cutar TB a Ofishin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya na Afirka a hira da TRT Afrika.

Wannan gargaɗi ya nuna muhimmanci mummunar matsalar: gano cuta da wuri da yin magani kan kari ba kawai don waraka ba ne, hakan na cikin mafi tasirin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar daga yaɗuwa.

Hanyar ganowa ta GeneXpert

Ƙashin bayan yunƙurin Togo na gano cuta da wuri akwai injin GeneXpert, wata na;urar mai gano cuta cikin sauri wadda ke iya gano cutar tuberculosis daga samfurin kaki cikin ‘yan awanni. WHO ta ba da shawarar amfani da shi a matsayin matakin gwajin farko, kuma fasahar ta zama ginshiƙin ƙasar na gano cutar.

CIgaban babba ne. A 2020, Togo tana da injinan GeneXpert 15 ne kawai da aka raba a cibiyoyi 14. Shekaru huɗan nan, adadi ya ninka ya kai 52 a faɗin ƙasar, wanda ke ba da damar gano cuta cikin sauri, da tabbaci tsakanin al’umma.

“Albarkacin wanna cigaba a adadin GeneXpert, jinkirin gano cuta ya ragu daga awa 72 zuwa 24 a faɗin ƙasar. Wannan na taimaka wa cigaban ƙasar wajen kawar da cutar tarin fuka,” cewar Prof. Abdou Gafarou Gbadamassi, Jagoran Shirin Ƙasa na Togo don Magance Tuberculosis (PNLT).

A jumhuriyar Congo, Shirin Ƙasa don Kawar da Tuberculosis (NTCP) ya samu babban cigaba, inda aka samu injinan GeneXpert 46 da a yanzu ke amfanar cibiyoyin gwaji da yin magani guda 113 a ƙasar.

Ga ƙasashen da a baya sai sun aika samfurin bakteriya zuwa ƙasashen waje don gwajin bijirewar maganin antibiotic, wannan alama ce ta gagarumin sauyi. A da can, akan yi jinkirin watanni shida zuwa takwas da ke cutar majinyaci.

Dr. Darrel Ornelle Elion Assiana, daraktan cibiyar National Mycobacterial Reference Laboratory na Congo ya bayyana cewa, “Wannan yanayin yakan hargitsa bibiya don karɓar magani irin na magance cutar tuberculosis mai bijirewa magani, wanda ke buƙatar ɗakunan gwaji masu iya gwajin cuɗanyawa.”

“Yin maganin cutar da ke yawan bijeirewa ya samu jinkiri sosai, kuma zuwa ƙarshen zagayen ba da magani, rashin sakamakon gwajin cuɗanya halitta yana hana fayyace ko marasa lafiya sun warke.”

A can Togo, Yao yana ƙirga kansa cikin tsiraru masu s’a waɗanda suka samu gwajin cuta da yin maganin cikin sauri. Aa asibitin Prefectural Hospital Centre na Agou, ya samu damar amfana daga injinan gwaji, wanda ya kawo masa kyakkyawan sauyi.

An fara masa magani nan take. Makonnin farko sun masa wahala, saboda jerin magunguna da zai sha, amma a hankali yanayinsa ya inganta.

“Maganin ya sanya ma ni rauni da farko. Bayan watanni biyu, gwajin lafiya ya nuna babu cutar. An sake gwada ni a wata na biyar da na shida, a lokacin ne aka ayyan cewa na warke daga cutar.”

Togo da Jumhuriyar Congo suna cikin ƙasashe da ke amfana daga tallafin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya don ƙarfafa hanyoyin gano cutar TB, da magance ta, da hana afkuwarta, da bayar da kulawa.

Dabarun Kawar da TB

“Nan da 2030, shirin kawar da cutar TB na da aniyar rage faruwar cutar da kashi 80%, don zaftare mace-mace da kashi 90%, da kawar da kashe kuɗi da magidanta ke yi sakamakon cutar TB,” in ji Dr. Jean Louis Abena.

“Wani buri ne agarumi, amma muna cike da aniya. Ta hanyar ƙaƙƙarfar kariya, kiwon lafiya mai sauƙin samu, tsananta tallafin gwamnati, da binciken kimiyya da ke samar da kayan aikin yaƙar cutar TB, don tabbatar da duniya ‘yantacciya da cutar TB.”

Yao, wanda a yanzu ya warke daga TB, shi ma ya jaddada cewa agajin iyalinsa yana da muhimimmanci a wajen kula da cutar TB. Kalamansa wani ƙaƙƙarfan tunatarwa ne cewa taimakon zahiri da na zuci na da tasiri wajen shawo kan cutar.

Ya ƙara da cewa, “Iyalina sun yi tasiri wajen warakata. Ba don tallafinsu ba, da na mutu saboda cutar TB. Idan wani cikin iyalinka yana da cutar, ku kusance shi, ku taimake shi don samun ƙwarin gwiwa, kuma ka da ku fitar da rai.”

Ƙwararru kan lafiya sun ce da taimakon masana kimiyya, da al’ummomi, marasa lafiya su yi aiki tare, taken Ranar Cutar TB ta Duniya na bana, E! Za mu Iya Kawar da TB! za tashi daga buri ya koma gaskiya.