Ghana hosted a landmark global conference on Thursday seeking to translate growing political support for slavery reparations into practical commitments towards justice.

The conference, which brought together leaders from around Africa and the Caribbean, comes after the United Nations adopted a historic resolution that declared the transatlantic slave trade "the gravest crime against humanity."

Since the resolution's adoption in March, the campaign for reparations has gathered "unprecedented momentum," Ghana's Foreign Minister Samuel Ablakwa said.

While non-binding, the resolution – pushed for by Ghanaian President John Mahama – goes beyond simple acknowledgement and asks nations involved in the slave trade to engage in "restitution" and "compensation."

'We shall win battle against reparatory injustice'

"We won the battle against slavery, we won the battle against colonialism, we won the battle against apartheid, and we are confident that we shall win the battle against reparatory injustice," Ablakwa told the conference.

The adoption of the UN resolution marked the strongest endorsement yet by the international community of the case for reparations, garnering the support of 123 UN member states.

Once considered a hub of the transatlantic slave trade, Ghana is now "transitioning from being a crime scene to a sanctuary for healing and reparative justice", Ablakwa told hundreds of delegates.

The West African country has been at the forefront of connecting people in the diaspora to Africa, granting Ghanaian citizenship to more than 1,000 people in recent years.

Pathways to reparatory justice

Mahama announced the creation of three working panels to explore practical pathways to reparatory justice.

One will be an advisory panel led by heads of state, another a group of experts focused on restitution, and a third examining the legal aspects of reparations.

"The question before us is not whether history can be changed – it cannot – but whether we have the courage to confront it honestly and the determination to turn recognition into meaningful action," Mahama said.

The line-up of speakers at the three-day event included the leaders of Barbados, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Namibia and Liberia.

Conference participant Mariam Abdoulaye, from Burkina Faso, told AFP Africa expects reparations in the form of "structured compensation funds to governments or communities" from former colonial powers or institutions linked to slavery, as well as debt cancellation or restructuring and the return of looted artefacts.