Tun 1948 ake rikici tsakanin Falasdinawa da Yahudawa 'yan kama=guri-zauna da ke mamaye yankunan Larabawa/ Hoto: Rueters

An yi tarukan tunawa da shekara 75 da faruwar Nakba a mawuyacin yanayi da ke cike da cigaba da kai hare-haren Isra’ila kan Falasdinawa a yankunan da suka mamaye da Zirin Gaza da suka yi wa kawanya.

Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa a 2021, dakarun Isra'ila sun kashe Falasdinawa 313 da suka hada da yara kanana 71 a Zirin Gaza da suka mamaye da Yammacin Gabar Kogin Jordan ciki har da Gabashin Birnin Kudus.

A 2022 an sake kashe Falasdinawa da yawa, inda aka ruwaito Isra’ila ta kashe Falasdinawa 204 wanda wannan ce shekara mafi muni da aka kashe Falasidinawan a Yammacin Gabar Kogin Jordan tun bayan 2005.

A watanni hudu na farkon 2023, an kashe Falasdinawa 96 wanda ke nuna rikicin ba zai kawo karshe ba.

Wannan bore na hadin kai da ake yi na da manufar karfafa gwiwar Falasdinawa a gwagwarmayar da suke yi ta kalubalantar mamaya da mulkin mallakar isra’ila.

Kungiyoyin kare hakkokin dan adam na kasa da kasa da yawa kamar su Amnesty International da Human Rights Watch, sun bayyana wadannan abubuwa a matsayin haka.

Nakba ko ‘bala’i’, na nufi da zaluncin Isra’ila na kakkabewa da kisan kiyashi da tilasta wa dubban Falasdinawa yin gudun hijira daga kasarsu bayan yakin Falasdinu a 1948.

Sama da Falasdinawa 750,000 aka kora daga matsugunansu a kasar Falasdinu yayin da mayakan Yahudawa suka rusa kauyuka da garuruwa 500, kafin daga bisani isra’ila ta ayyana su a matsayin wadanda aka gina ba sa bisa ka’ida, wanda hakan ya janyo rikicin ‘yan gudun hijira da har yau ba a gama shi ba.

A wannan shekarar, a karon farko, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya za ta yi taron tunawa da zaluncin da aka yi wa dubban Falasdinawa shekaru 75 da suka gabata na korar su daga matsugunansu.

Jakadan Falasdin a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Riyadh Mansour, ya bayyana matakin na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a matsayin na tarihi. Ya kuma bayyana yadda Majalisar ta kasa warware wannan bala’i da zalunci na tsawon shekaru 75.

Ya ci gaba da cewa “Falasdinawa na ci gaba da fuskantar mummunan bala’i har yanzu”.

Har yanzu Falasdinawa ba su da ‘yantacciyar kasa, kuma ba su da ‘yancin dawo wa gidajensu kamar yadda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi kira a matakin da ta dauka a watan Disamban 1948.

Tarihin asalin rikicin

A karshen karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20, Falasdinu wani bangare ce ta Daular Usmaniyya. Bayan tasowar akidar Zionism, wata gwagwarmayar siyasar neman kafa kasar Yahudawa, sai aka dinga samun karuwar gudun hijirar Yahudawa zuwa kasar Falasdinu.

Bayan yakin duniya na I, Daular Birtaniya ta karbe iko da Falasdinu karkashin Kungiyar Gamayyar Kasashe.

A wannan lokaci, an samu karuwar rikici tsakanin Yahudawa da Larabawa saboda cin karo da manufofin juna game da kafa kasa.

A 1947, shawarar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta nemi a raba kasar Falasdinawa zuwa kasashen Larabawa da na Yahudawa, sannan a kyale birnin Jeruselem a karkashin kulawar kasashen duniya.

Shugabannin Yahudawa sun amince da wannan shiri, amma na Larabawa suka yi watsi da shi saboda sun ce hakan ya nuna an fifita Yahudawan sama da su.

Duk da cewar ba a taba aiwatar da wannan shiri ba saboda barkewar rikici, amma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen mamaye kasar Falasdinu da Yahudawa ke yi da kuma kafa kasar isra’ila a 1948 wanda ya janyo raba sama da kaso 80 cikin 100 na Falasdinawa da matsugunansu.

An ci gaba da rikicin har zuwa 1949, a lokacin da kasashen Isra’ila da Masar da Labanan da Jordan da Siriya suka amince da wata yarjejeniya ta shata layi.

Wannan yarjejeniya ta fitar da koren layi da ya raba iyakar kasar isra’ila da ta Falasdinu ta bangaren Yammacin Gabar Kogin Jordan da aka mamaye.

Wannan koren layi shi ne ya gabaci iyakokin 1967, wanda ke bayyana yankunan kafin isra’ila ta mamaye sauran yankunan Falasdinawa a lokacin yakin 1967.

Rushe-Rushe

Daga 1947 zuwa 1949, mayakan rajin kafa kasar Yahudawa sun kaddamar da hare-hare kan Falasdinawa a tsakiyar birane inda suka kuma rusa kusan kauyuka 530.

Wannan gangami na kashe-kashe da aka fara ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar kusan Falasdinawa 15,000, inda aka dinga kai musu munanan hare-hare.

Daya daga cikin munanan abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 1948, a lokacin mayakan Yahudawa suka kai mummunan hari a kauyen Dayr Yassin da ke wajen birnin Jerusalem.

Mambobin bata-garin Irgun da Stern ne ake zargi da aikata wannan mummunan kisa.

An kashe maza 110, mata da yara kanana a yayin kai harin na ta’addanci, wanda ya zama lamari mafi muni a yakin da ake yi.

Falasdinawa a kasashen waje

Falasdinawan da aka raba da matsugunansu sun nemi mafaka a kasashen Larabawa makota ko a wasu yankunan na Faalsdinu.

Akwai Falasdinawa miliyan shida da suke zaune a tantunan da aka kafa a cikin kasar Falasdinun.

Hukumar Ayyuka da Rage Radadi ga Falasdinawa ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNRWA) ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wa ‘yan gudun hijirar ta hanyar ba su taimako tare da samar musu da makarantu da cibiyoyin kula da lafiya.

UNRWA ta samar da kayan taimako ga Falasdinawa a kalla miliyan 2.3 a Jordan da miliyan 1.5 a Gaza da 870,000 a Yammacin Gabar Kogin Jordan da aka mamaye, da 570,000 a Siriya da kuma 480,000 da ke Labanan.

Falasdinawa karkashin mamaya

Mamaya da afkawa Falasdinawa da sojojin isra’ila ke yi ya shafi bangarorin rayuwarsu da dama, wanda hakan ne ke bayar da iko ko akasin haka wajen samun kayan more rayuwa da ‘yancin motsi da zabin aure da wajen zama.

Kungiyar Bayar da Agaji ta Human Rights Watch da ta jagoranci Kungiyoyin Kasa da Kasa da dama, ta zargi Isra’ila da aikata munanan laifuka musamman ma yadda suke cutar da Falasdinawa da gallaza musu.

Ta hanyar zurfaffan bincike, kungiyar ta tattara bayanai kan munanan ayyuka da cin zarafin da Isra’ila ke yi wa Falasdinawa da suka hada da kwace musu filaye da gidaje, kashe su ba gaira babu dalili, hana su kai kawo, daure su da hana bayyana kawunansu a matsayin ‘yan kasar Falasdinu.

Binciken ya bayar da haske kan munin yanayin da kuma yadda Falasdinawa ke jurewa cin zarafi da azabtar da su da ake yi.

‘Yaki mafi muni’

Yau shekaru 75 kenan, Falasdinawa na cewa Nakba ba tarihi ba ce, har yanzu tana ci gaba.

Tun ranar 9 ga Mayu, Isra’ila na kai hare-hare kan Zirin Gaza da aka yi wa kawanya, inda suke kokarin kashe shugabannin kungiyoyi masu tirjiya.

A kokarin mayar da martani, su ma mayakan Falasinawa sun yi kokarin mayar da martani kan garuruwa da unguwannin Isra’ila.

A ranar Asabar, kungiyoyin Falasdinawa dauke da makamai sun sanar da cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta da Isra’ila, wanda ya kawo karshen hare-haren kwanaki biyar da ake kai wa Zirin Gaza.

Hare-haren sun yi sanadiyyar mutuwar Falasdinawa 33 da suka hada da fararen hula 13, inda wasu 147 suka samu raunuka, kamar yadda ma’aikatar lafiya ta Falasdinu ta ruwaito.

Rikicin ya zama mafi muni tsakanin masu tirjiya na Gaza da Isra’ila tun bayan yakin kwanaki 10 da suka gwabza a 2021.

TRT World