A jihohin Indiya da jam’iyyar Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) ke mulki, a watan jiya, hukumomi sun kama mutane, sun kai samame, a wasu lokutan kuma sun rusa musu gidajensu.

Mene ne dalili?

Kawai bayyana ra’ayi kamar rubuta ko wallafa “Ina son Muhammad” a kan allo, da riguna, da shafukan sada zumunta.

Lamarin ya fara ne bayan fito da wani kyalle da aka rubuta “Ina son Muhammad” a jikinsa, wanda aka nuna yayin jerin gwanon ranar Maulidin Annabi Muhammad (SAW) a Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Wannan ƙyalle ya haifar da korafe-korafe, da shigar da ƙara, da kuma martanin gwamnati mai tsanani: kama mutane bisa sassan dokar kundin Penal Code ina Indiya ciki har da sashi na 153A (da ke ƙarfafa gaba), da kuma rushe gidaje bisa zargin mamaye fili ba bisa ka’ida ba ko hana tarzoma.

Wannan matakin ya bazu zuwa wasu jihohi da dama.

Kungiyar mai zaman kanta ta Association for Protection of Civil Rights (APCR) ta bayyana cewa, zuwa ranar 23 ga Satumba, an shigar da akalla kara 21 kan Musulmai fiye da 1,300, kuma an kama mutum aƙalla 38 a jihohi daban-daban da BJP ke mulki.

APCR ta ce kamun yana nuna wani yanayi mai tayar da hankali na mayar da zanga-zangar lumana zuwa laifi.

A jihar Uttar Pradesh (UP) kadai, an shigar da kara 16 kuma an tuhumi mutane fiye da 1,000 a ƙananan hukumomi da dama (Unnao, Baghpat, Kaiserganj, Shahjahanpur, Kaushambi), kamar yadda kafafen watsa labarai na Indiya suka ruwaito.

A Kashipur ta Uttarakhand, an shigar da ƙara guda daya kan mutane 401, inda aka kama mutum bakwai.

Bayan UP, jihohi kamar Gujarat, Maharashtra, da Telangana suma sun fuskanci irin wannan yanayi.

“Harbin mutane saboda bayyana soyayya da girmama wa ga Annabi babban take haƙƙin ɗan’adam ne. Bai kamata a mayar da bayyana ra’ayin addini cikin lumana zuwa laifi ba,” in ji Nadeem Khan, kamar yadda sakataren ƙasa na APCR, ya shaida wa Maktoob Media.

A wasu lokuta, bidiyo sun nuna matasa Musulmai suna riƙe da ƙyallaye suna rera taken cikin lumana.

Amma duk da haka, ‘yan sanda sun shigar da kara, suna cewa hakan na iya tayar da rikici tsakanin al’umma, duk da cewa babu wani tashin hankali da aka samu a wuraren taron.

“Abin mamaki ne cewa gwamnati za ta hukunta mutane saboda cewa ‘Ina son Annabi Muhammad’, wanda bayyana ra’ayi ne cikin lumana ba tare da wata barazana ba,” a cewar Aakar Patel, shugaban hukumar Amnesty International a Indiya, ga TRT World.

“Bai kai matakin laifuka ba yayin bayyana ra’ayi bisa tsarin mulkin Indiya ko dokokin hakkin ɗan’adam na kasa da kasa. Dole ne a magance damuwar tsaro cikin adalci ba tare da hana ‘yancin bayyana addini ba, kamar yadda ake gani a nan.”

Rusau da ‘adalcin buldoza’

A Bareilly, UP, bayan rikici yayin wata zanga-zanga mai taken “Ina son Muhammad” a ranar 26 ga Satumba, hukumomi sun afka wa gine-gine da dama da ake zargin suna da alaƙa da waɗanda ake tuhuma. Wasu daga cikinsu an rushe su da buldoza, ciki har da wani dakin taro mallakar Dr Nafees, wani makusancin Maulana Tauqeer Raza Khan, shugaban wata jam’iyya ta yankin UP, Ittehad-e-Millat Council (IMC).

Hukumomi sun ce waɗannan rushe-rushen suna cikin “tsari na doka da oda”, amma iyalan da abin ya shafa sun ce an yi hakan ne da gangan.

“Idan da hukumomi sun ba mu lokaci, da mun kwashe kujerun da ke cikin ɗakin taron. Mun yi asarar miliyoyin rupees,” kamar yadda wani mai kula da ɗakin taron da aka rushe ya shaida wa jaridar Times of India.

Masu suka sun ce yawancin wadannan rushe-rushen an yi su ne ba tare da sanarwa ba, abin da ya saba wa ƙa’idojin doka da hukuncin kotu. An shigar da ƙara a wata hukumar kare hakkin ɗan’asdam, inda aka ce ba a bayar da sanarwar cewa za a rushe gidajen a Bareilly kafin a rushe su.

A yankin Bahiyal na Gujarat, bayan rikicin addini da aka danganta da saƙonnin da aka wallafa a kafofin sada zumunta (ciki har da “Ina son Muhammad”), hukumomi sun ayyana gine-gine 186 a matsayin waɗanda a yi su “ba bisa ka’ida ba” kuma sun rushe 178 daga cikinsu. Mazauna yankin sun yi ikirarin cewa da niyya aka yi musu haka, an kai musu samame da daddare, kuma ba a bi ƙa’ida ba.

Kotun Koli ta Indiya ta nuna damuwa kan yadda ake amfani da “rusau nan take”, wanda ake kira “adalcin buldoza”, a jihohin da BJP ke mulki, wanda ya fi shafar tsiraru.

A watan Nuwamba 2024, babbar kotun ta Indiya ta fitar da ka’idoji da ke Allah wadai da rushe-rushe ba tare da bin ka’ida ba, ciki har da wajabta sanarwa kafin rusau da yin bidiyon aikin rushewar.

A sau da dama gwamnati tana kare rushe-rushen a matsayin “hana mamaye fili” ko don tabbatar da ka’idojin gine-gine.

A Bareilly, jami’ai sun ce an yi gine-ginen ne ba bisa ka’ida ba.

Amma iyalan da abin ya shafa sun musanta hakan, suna cewa yawancin irin wadannan rushe-rushen hukunci ne na baya, ba aiwatar da doka ba. Sun yi ikirarin rashin sanarwa, rashin sauraron korafe-korafe, da cewa sanarwar da aka bayar ta zo ne bayan an gama rushewa.

Sai dai ƙungiyoyin kare hain daƙƙin ɗan’adam da masana doka sun ce wannan yana nuna wani yanayi mai tayar da hankali na mayar da alamar Musulunci da bayyana addini cikin lumana zuwa laifi a Indiya.

“Daga mahangar tsarin mulki, irin wadannan kamen da rushe-rushen ba su dace da tabbacin da tsarin mulkin Indiya ya bayar a karkashin Sashe na 19(1)(a) da 25, wanda ke kare ‘yancin bayyana ra’ayi da ‘yancin yin addini,” kamar yadda Prasouk Jain, wani lauya daga Delhi ya shaida wa TRT World.

Ya ce taken ‘Ina son Muhammad’ bayyana imani ne ta halattacciyar hanya, ba tayar da rikici ba.

“Duk wani matakin gwamnati da ke hukunta bayyana addini cikin lumana zai kasance ba daidai ba kuma mai yiwuwa ya saɓa wa tsarin mulki sai dai idan an danganta shi da barazana ta gaskiya ga tsaron jama’a a karkashin Sashe 19(2),” a cewarsa.

Takaitacciyar dama ga nuna alamar Musulunci

Manufar russau ba sabon abu ba ne a jihohin da BJP ke mulki.

Masu suka sun yi ikirarin cewa wannan yana nuna wani nau’i na hukunta jama’a gaba ɗaya wanda ya saɓa wa tsarin shari’a gaba daya.

Masu fafutuka kan harkokin shar’a da ƙungiyoyin al’umma suna kira ga kotuna su shiga tsakani, suna gargaɗin cewa irin waɗannan matakai suna barazana ga ‘yancin addini da kuma bin doka a Indiya.

Bibhu Pattnaik, wani dan jarida kuma ƙwararre a harkokin watsa labarai daga Amurka, ya bayyana cewa waɗannan abubuwan sun sake jawo hankali kan yadda ake tafiyar da bayyana ra’ayi a cikin jama’a.

Ya ce kiyaye doka da oda yana da muhimmanci, amma ya gargadi cewa yadda ake tunkarar irin waɗannan lamura bai kamata ya haifar da “tsoro ko aƙrin rarrabuwar kawuna” ba.

“Hukumomi suna bukatar tabbatar da cewa ana aiwatar da bin doka da oda cikin adalci da daidaito, ba tare da nuna alamar hana mutane bayyana ra’ayinsu ba,” in ji shi.

Wannan matsin lamba yana tayar da hankali: a Indiya ta yau, ko da bayyana alfahari da addini daga Musulmi na iya zama abin zargi, da tayar da hankali, ko kuma wani abu mai hatsari.

Buldoza sun zama ba kawai kayan gine-gine ba, amma alamar ramuwar gayya da gwamnati ke amfani da ita.