Dubban yara ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru biyar a faɗin jihar Jigawa a arewacin Nijeriya suna fama da matsalar rashin saurin girma da raunin garkuwar jiki sanadiyyar rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da haka suna nan kamar yadda aka saba: talauci, rashin tabbacin abinci da tasirin sauyin yanayi da kuma rashin tsari mai kyau na kiwon lafiya.

Amma bayan bayanan da ake sa su da ke tabbatar da hakan, akwai alamun da ke nuna ana samun sauyi.

Shirin Ciyarwa na Masaki, wanda gwamnatin jiha da al'ummomi ke gudanarwa tare, yana sauya akalar halin da yara ke ciki dangane da matsalolin lafiya da ke da nasaba kai tsaye da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Yadda ake samun matsalar rashin saurin girma a tsakanin yara ‘yan ƙasa da shekaru biyar a Jigawa ya ragu daga kaso 64 a shekarar 2018 zuwa 55.7% a 2024, abin da ya nuna mafi girman ci gaba a girman yara a cikin shekaru da dama.

Ana nazarin wannan tsarin yanzu a wasu jihohin Nijeriya da kungiyoyin ci gaban da ke neman mafita kan wannan lamarin.

Matsala ta ƙasa baki ɗaya:

Rashin abinci mai gina jiki na ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin manyan matsalolin lafiyar jama'a a Nijeriya, inda jihohin arewa suka fi fama da wannan matsalar.

Dr Shehu Sambo, sakataren gudanarwa na Hukumar Kula da Lafiya a Matakin Farko ta Jihar Jigawa, ya nuna cewa magance matsalar rashin abinci mai gina jiki ya fara ne da fahimtar cewa yawancin iyalai ba su da ilimi ko kuma hanyoyi don hana afkuwar matsalar tun daga farko.

'Rashin abinci mai gina jiki ba matsala ce ta lafiya kaɗai ba. Duk abin da ke shafar yara kai tsaye yana shafar rashin saurin girma,' in ji Dr Sambo a tattaunawarsa da TRT Afrika.

Kamar yadda shirye‑shirye daban‑daban suka nuna, magani yana warware ɓangare ne kawai na matsalar.

Dubarun gwamnatin jihar Jigawa sun haɗa da sanya al'umma, iyaye mata da kuma mafita irin tab cikin gida domin magance matsalar.

An ƙirƙiri Shirin Ciyarwa na Masaki don isa ga iyalai kafin rashin abinci mai gina jiki ya zama barazana ga rayuwarsu.

Ta amfani da bayanan kiwon lafiya na yau da kullum, jihar ta gano al'ummomin da suka fi fama da wannan matsalar kuma ta kafa cibiyoyi 300 na Masaki a duk faɗin mazabu 30.

Kowace cibiyar na aiki a matsayin wurin taro na mako‑mako inda mata da masu kula da yara ke koyon tantance yara, shirya abinci mai gina jiki daga kayan gida da bin diddigin ci gaban yaran.

Ana kula da yara masu rashin abinci mai gina jiki na matsakaici a cikin al'umma yayin da ake mika masu matsaloli masu tsanani kai tsaye zuwa kulawar da ta fi ci gaba.

'Abin da ya sa Masaki ya bambanta shi ne mallakar sa,' in ji Dr Sambo. 'An ba mata na gida damar samun ilimi don ciyar da 'ya'yansu yadda ya kamata, ta amfani da abincin da suke da shi.'

Shugabannin kananan hukumomi 27 na jihar suna ɗaukar nauyin shirin a tattare, suna ba da gudummawa kowane wata don abinci, albashin ma'aikatan lafiya da harkokin sufuri. Tsarin kudade ya riga ya sauya Masaki daga shiri zuwa aikin da ya rataya a wuyan kowa.

Siyasa

Waɗanda suka gina shirin daga tushe suna ɗaukar cewa ƙarfin siyasa ne ya taimaka wajen nasarar da aka samu.

Gwamnatin jihar tana ware naira miliyan 250 (kusan dalar Amurka 0.172 miliyan) a shekara don magance rashin abinci mai gina jiki na gaggawa, tana tabbatar da samun abincin jiyya kai tsaye (RUTF) a ko da yaushe.

‘Yan majalisa ma suna tura kuɗaɗen mazabunsu zuwa kayayyakin gina jiki da ƙarin sinadaran gina jiki ga mata masu juna biyu.

Binciken National Demographic and Health na 2024 ya tabbatar da cewa bayan Jigawa ta shafe shekaru na kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin jihohi masu mafi yawan yaran da ke fama da matsalar rashin saurin girma a Nijeriya, ya ragu da maki tara cikin dari a cikin shekaru shida.

'A karon farko, muna ganin sahihin ci gaba,' in ji Dr Sambo. 'Ya nuna cewa rigakafin da ake gudanarwa cikin al'umma, haɗe da tsarin magani mai ƙarfi, yana aiki.'

Hanyar da Jigawa ke bi ta samu yabo daga UNICEF, wanda ya kasance abokin aikin wannan shirin.

'Hadakar aikin UNICEF da Gwamnatin Jihar Jigawa ta sa Masaki ya zama misali ga wasu jihohi,' in ji Rahama Rihod Mohammed Farah, babbar jami'a a UNICEF.

'Wannan tsari ne na dabarun gida wanda ke kawo sakamako wanda ake gani a ƙasa.'

Ta hanyar Asusun Ciyarwar Yara, UNICEF tana daidaita zuba jari na jihar wajen sayen RUTF, lamarin da ke ninka albarkatun da ake da su.

Hada hannu ya kuma taimaka wajen inganta sakamakon rigakafi a fadin Jigawa a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.

Taimakon da ya canza rayuwa

Hadiza Saleh, wadda ke kallon 'yarta tana wasa a fadin lambun cibiyar Masaki, abu ne da ta taba jin tsoron bazai sake faruwa ba.

Yarinyar na yawan kamuwa da rashin lafiya tsakanin lokuta inda ake yawan kai ta asibiti ba tare da ingantaccen sauƙi ba.

Sannan sai Masaki ya iso. 'Tun bayan da 'yata ta fara wannan magani, na ga ta samu sauƙi cikin sauri,' in ji Hadiza. 'A yau, zan iya cewa ta samu cikakkiyar warkaraka.”

Masaki ya kuma canza yadda Hadiza ke ciyar da iyalinta. Ta koyi yadda ake shirya abinci mai daidaito ta amfani da kayan gida kamar wake na soya, gyada, kayan lambu da hatsi.

'Ba sai mun nufi nesa ba yanzu,' in ji ta ga TRT Afrika. 'Yanzu mun san yadda za mu ciyar da 'ya'yanmu yadda ya kamata.'

Ta hanyar hada ciyarwa da tallafin sana'o'i, kamfe ɗin na Jigawa yana magance ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Hauwa Bisina Bature ta karɓi kaji da tsirrai ta shirin ba ƙarfafa gwiwa na jihar. 'Yanzu, muna da kayan lambu a bayan gida kusan duk shekara.

Ba sai muna wahala wajen sayen kwai ba. Kajinmu suna ƙwan da ya isa don ciyar da 'ya'yanmu sinadarin gina jiki ɗin da suke bukata,' in ji ta.

Yayin da sauran jihohin Nijeriya da kungiyoyin ci gaban ke neman mafita masu irin wannan, Jigawa na bayar da hujjar cewa gina aminci a cikin al'umma, ba wa mata iko da sanya yara a tsakiyar manufofi ita ce hanyar warware matsala mai wuyar sha'ani kamar rashin abinci mai gina jiki.